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Section Medicine

Interleukins and Some Physiological Parameters in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders

Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December:
DOI : https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12809
Published : Oct 22, 2025

Thikra Majid Muhammed (1), Qabas Huussein Allawi (2), Hala Mahdi Hamad (3)

(1) Dept. of Biology, College of Education for pure sciences, University of Anbar, Al-Anbar, Iraq
(2) Basic Science Branch, College of Dentistry, University of Anbar, Al-Anbar, Iraq
(3) Dept. of Biology, College of sciences, University of Anbar, Al-Anbar, Iraq
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Abstract:

General Background: Autoimmune thyroid diseases (ATDs), such as Graves’ disease and chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, are among the most prevalent endocrine disorders characterized by immune-mediated thyroid dysfunction. Specific Background: Cytokines and immune markers play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of ATDs, yet their association with hematological indices and ovarian reserve markers, such as Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH), remains underexplored. Knowledge Gap: Despite the known role of interleukins in autoimmune conditions, limited data exist linking IL-10, IL-17, and IL-18 levels with hematological and reproductive parameters in ATD patients. Aims: This study aimed to assess immunological (IL-10, IL-17, IL-18, AMH) and hematological (Hb, WBC, PLT) parameters in ATD patients compared to healthy individuals. Results: Findings revealed significantly higher serum IL-10, IL-17, and IL-18 levels in ATD patients, while AMH and hemoglobin were markedly reduced. White blood cell and platelet counts were significantly elevated, suggesting immune-driven hematopoietic alterations. Novelty: This study provides integrated evidence linking cytokine dysregulation with hematological and ovarian reserve disturbances in ATD, highlighting potential biomarkers for disease activity. Implications: The results underscore the need for cytokine profiling in ATD management and suggest that IL-10 and IL-18 may serve as predictive indicators for immune and reproductive dysfunction in affected individuals.
Highlight :




  • The study found significant increases in IL-10, IL-17, and IL-18 levels among patients with autoimmune thyroid disorders.




  • Patients showed lower AMH and hemoglobin levels, with higher WBC and platelet counts compared to controls.




  • These results emphasize the role of cytokines in immune and hematological alterations associated with autoimmune thyroid disease.




Keywords : Autoimmune Thyroid Dysfunction, IL-18, IL-17, AMH, IL-10

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