Academia Open
Vol 10 No 1 (2025): June (In Progress)
Clinical Research

Genotyping Staphylococcus aureus in Endocarditis Using Multilocus Sequence Typing
Genotipe Staphylococcus aureus pada Endokarditis Menggunakan Pengetikan Sekuens Multilokus


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  • Fatima Rashid Mohan*
Fatima Rashid Mohan
Department of Pathological Analysis, College of Science, University of Thi-Qar, Thi-Qar, Iraq *

(*) Corresponding Author
Picture in here are illustration from public domain image or provided by the author, as part of their works
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.10.2025.10793
Published April 5, 2025
Keywords
  • Infective endocarditis (IE),
  • S.aureus, genotyping,
  • multilocus sequence typing,
  • biomarkers
How to Cite
Mohan, F. R. (2025). Genotyping Staphylococcus aureus in Endocarditis Using Multilocus Sequence Typing. Academia Open, 10(1), 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.10793. https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.10.2025.10793

Copyright (c) 2025 Fatima Rashid Mohan

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Abstract

Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare but life-threatening infection that can occur post-cardiac valve surgery, with Staphylococcus aureus (SAB) being the leading causative pathogen due to its virulence and resistance traits. Specific Background: Molecular typing methods like multilocus sequence typing (MLST) offer improved resolution in understanding SAB epidemiology compared to conventional culture-based techniques. Knowledge Gap: However, the clonal diversity and genetic lineages of SAB isolates associated with IE in regional healthcare settings remain underexplored, particularly in populations with low culture positivity. Aims: This study aimed to genotype SAB isolates from IE patients using MLST to investigate their strain-level diversity, clonal relationships, and antibiotic resistance profiles. Results: Among 281 blood samples, only 43 (15.3%) yielded bacterial growth, with 11 (25.6%) confirmed as SAB. MLST revealed genetic heterogeneity, identifying ST-1 (biofilm-associated), ST-21 (community-acquired), ST-215 (healthcare-related), and emerging regional clones ST-59 and ST-531. Novelty: This study presents the first molecular characterization of SAB in IE patients in this region, linking sequence types to clinical contexts. Implications: Findings underscore the utility of MLST in identifying transmission patterns, informing infection control strategies, and highlighting the need for ongoing molecular surveillance of multidrug-resistant SAB strains.

Highlights:

  1. Staphylococcus aureus causes infective endocarditis post-heart valve replacement surgery.
  2. Used MLST to genotype SAB; found ST-1, ST-21, ST-215.
  3. MLST reveals SAB diversity; aids targeted control of resistant regional strains.

Keywords: Infective endocarditis (IE), S.aureus, genotyping, multilocus sequence typing, biomarkers

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