Factors Affecting the Increase of Professional Skills of Vocational Education Graduates Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Peningkatan Keterampilan Profesional Lulusan Pendidikan Vokasi

Abstract

General Background: Vocational education plays a crucial role in workforce development by equipping graduates with the necessary skills for employment. However, ensuring that vocational training aligns with labor market demands remains a global challenge. Specific Background: In Uzbekistan, ongoing leadership reforms aim to bridge the gap between vocational education and industry needs. Despite these efforts, structural disconnects persist, affecting graduates' employability and professional development. Knowledge Gap: Existing research lacks comprehensive insights into the specific factors that influence the professional skill progression of vocational graduates in Uzbekistan. There is also limited empirical analysis on how labor market structures and educational frameworks interact to shape employment outcomes. Aims: This study analyzes the factors affecting vocational education graduates’ skill development and their transition into the workforce. By employing a systematic analytical approach, the research evaluates the effectiveness of vocational training institutions, labor market readiness, and socio-economic mechanisms that regulate employment. Results: Findings indicate that while vocational education centers successfully develop workforce readiness, their curricula do not sufficiently align with industry needs, limiting employment optimization. Financial constraints, restricted access to skill development programs, and inadequate career counseling were identified as major barriers. Additionally, job availability and entrepreneurial opportunities vary significantly across geographical regions. Novelty: This study integrates statistical data analysis, sociological surveys, and economic modeling to provide a multidimensional perspective on vocational training effectiveness. The use of data triangulation enhances the reliability of findings, offering a nuanced understanding of employment trends, skill shortages, and market-driven educational improvements. Implications: Strengthening educational-industrial collaborations, enhancing career guidance services, and implementing entrepreneurial development programs can significantly improve graduate employability. Policymakers should consider these insights to formulate targeted vocational training reforms that address industry demands and labor market dynamics effectively.

Highlights:

1. Vocational education misalignment with labor market needs.
2. kill gaps, financial barriers, and uneven job opportunities.
3. Strengthen industry collaboration, career counseling, and entrepreneurial programs.

Keywords: graduates of vocational education, professional abilities, employment, working conditions, new jobs.