Academia Open
Vol 10 No 1 (2025): June (In Progress)
Medicine

Green Synthesis of Ag2O/Ag NPs via Ginkgo Biloba and Their Anticancer Effects
Sintesis Hijau Ag2O/Ag NPs melalui Ginkgo Biloba dan Efek Antikankernya


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  • Ola Abedallah Manatee*,
  • Nadia Naeema,
  • Ahmed A. Thamer
Ola Abedallah Manatee
Department of Physics, College of Science, Wasit University, Iraq, Iraq *
Nadia Naeema
Department of Physics, College of Science, Wasit University, Iraq, Iraq
Ahmed A. Thamer
Department of Physics, College of Science, Wasit University, Iraq., Iraq

(*) Corresponding Author
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.10.2025.10459
Published January 7, 2025
Keywords
  • AgO,
  • Ag,
  • Capping agent,
  • Cancer,
  • Ginkgo biloba
How to Cite
Manatee, O. A., Naeema, N., & Thamer, A. A. (2025). Green Synthesis of Ag2O/Ag NPs via Ginkgo Biloba and Their Anticancer Effects. Academia Open, 10(1), 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.10459. https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.10.2025.10459

Copyright (c) 2025 Ola Abedallah Manatee, Nadia Naeema, Ahmed A. Thamer

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Abstract

This study focuses on establishing a green, inexpensive, non-toxic alternative for treating cancers. This aim explores the synthesis and use of silver oxide nanoparticles (Ag2O/Ag NPs) using a green synthesis technique. Considering that there is a high death rate in cancer, breast cancer in particular, which is highlighted by a breast cancer cell line MCF-7, we have decided to use nanotechnology as a therapeutic tool. Conventional ways of coping with cancer symptoms, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, even though they are the most effective, have the drawback of high costs and side effects. Instead of toxic chemicals, nanoparticles are gaining more interest due to their peculiarity of chemical and physical specifications, with Ag2O/Ag NPs pointing to a wide range of actions from anticancer effectiveness. Using the extract from the Ginkgo biloba plant, we achieved the green synthesis of Ag2O/AgNP via the new method widely adopted for environmental and health safety reasons. The nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized with SEM, HRTEM, EDX Spectroscopy, SEAD pattern, and DLS, and it was evident that the particles were spherical, homogeneously distributed in size, and compositively pure. Moreover, the Ag2O/Ag NPs were tested for their cytotoxic efficacy towards MCF-7 breast cancer cells, employing the MTT assay and the Hochst blue-fluorescent staining method, which demonstrated an effective dose-dependent toxicity that highlighted the possibility of such NPs as a candidate cancer therapeutic. Moreover, these nanoparticles were found to show antimicrobial activity, which helped to broaden their biomedical potential. The present research emphasizes the necessity of friendly-to-environment nanoparticle synthesis and provides an additional clue toward developing cancer treatments.

Highlights:

  1. Develop green, cost-effective, non-toxic cancer treatment using Ag2O nanoparticles.
  2. Synthesized Ag2O/AgNPs via Ginkgo biloba extract; tested anticancer efficacy.
  3. Ag2O/AgNPs show dose-dependent cytotoxicity and antimicrobial potential.

Keywords: AgO ;Ag ; Capping agent; Cancer; Ginkgo biloba

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