Academia Open
type: channel
description: About Academia Open is published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo published 2 (two) issues per year (June and December). This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This journal aims is to provide a place for academics and practitioners to publish original research and review articles. The articles basically contains any topics research or review. Academia Open is available in online version. Language used in this journal is Indonesia or English. Article Processing Charge ACOPEN is an open access international journal. Since manuscript submission for Volume 10 number 1 June 2025, author(s) pay some processing fees IDR 850.000. The APC should be paid in 3 days max after the acceptance of manuscript. Accredited "S3" by the Ministry of Research-Technology and Higher Education Republic of Indonesia ACOPEN Officially Recognized by the Supreme Attestation Commission of Uzbekistan Abbreviation ACADEMIA OPEN (ACOPEN) DOI prefix 10.21070 by Citation Analysis SCOPUS | Web of Science | Dimension Index Services Google Scholar | Complete List ISSN (online) 2174-7444 Publisher Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo Editor in Chief Mochammad Tanzil Multazam Managing Editor Bobur Sobirov Frequency 2 (two) issues per year (June and December)
publisher: Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
language: en-US
publication name: Academia Open
issn: 2714-7444
items: Determining Pharmaceutical Product Costs: Scientific and Practical Issues in Uzbekistan
items: Regional Head Policy Implementation for Batik Artisan Economic Empowerment
items: Digital Transformation and ICT Development in Uzbekistan's Digital Economy
items: Algorithmic Assessment of Samarkand Attractiveness and Its Strategic Role in Agritourism Development
items: Management Mechanisms Aimed at Increasing the Efficiency of Resource Use in Industrial Enterprises
items: The Efficacy of Bayesian Analysis in Predicting Stock Prices
items: The Role of Entrepreneurship in Competitive Advantage
items: Semantic of Archaisation and its manifestations in contemporary Iraqi Plastic Art
items: Human Resource Quality and Organizational Culture in Employee Performance Assessment
items: Digital Word of Mouth, Destination Attractiveness, Brand Image, Accessibility Drive Tourist Intention
items: Simplified Audits Support Micro Small And Medium Enterprise Financial Governance
items: The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure, Profitability, Leverage, Liquidity, and Sales Growth on Firm Value
items: Advanced Foreign Practices in the Use of Transport Services for Regional Economic Development
items: Use of Artificial Intelligence Methods in Risk Assessment and Prediction of Preeclampsia
items: Features of The Disease Management in the Appendical Infiltrate
items: Quantitative Characterization of Liver Safety in Surgical Diseases and Postoperative Course
items: Applications of nuclear physics in medical diagnostics: A comparative study between SPECT and PET
items: The Importance of Endolymphatic Administration of Drugs In The Treatment of Persistent Postoperative Peritoniti
items: Endolymphatic Drug Delivery Improves Outcomes in Persistent Postoperative Peritonitis
items: Significant Micronutrient Imbalance Associated with Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia Infections in Children
items: Exploiting Klebsiella pneumoniae Arginine Deiminase: Purification, Characterization, and Selective Anticancer Activity
items: Prevalence Pattern of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Producing Escherichia coli in Beef in Traditional Markets
items: Serological Detection of Toxoplasmosis in Relation to marital status, Cats Contact and Abortion in Wasit province, Iraq
items: Review Of Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Water by Complexation-Assisted Ultrafiltration
items: The Organic Interrelation Between Legal Requirements and Citizens’ Moral Responsibility in the Electoral Process
items: Evaluating a Local Economic Empowerment Grant: Growth in Cooperative Capital, Membership, and Net Surplus
items: Utilizing Integrated Marketing Strategies to Enhance the Competitiveness of Higher Education Institutions
items: Integration of Psychology and Islamic Education in Internalizing Exemplary Values through Historical Figures of Islam
items: Strategic Management Strengthens Sustainable Educational Tourism Schools and Student Environmental Entrepreneurship
items: Development of Sasak Folktale-Based Animated Audiovisuals to Improve Storytelling and Literacy Skills in Early Childhood
items: The Validity of Imam Shafi‘i, Criticism, and the Influence of Yahya Bin Ma’in's Accusations on the Weakness of Transmission in Hadith Chains
items: Technology-Based Methods and Resources in Contemporary Language Learning
items: Helicobacter pylori Infection: From Pathogenesis to Clinical Management
items: Efficiency of Village Regulations in Indonesia
items: Democratic Deficit in the Governance of the Indonesian Capital City
items: Political Dynasties Undermine Democratic Governance and Constitutional Integrity in Indonesia
items: Transitional Legal Protection through Physical Possession and Civil Remedies for Unregistered Girik Land in Indonesia
items: Green Marketing, Greenwashing, and Premium Pricing Effects on Agrochemical Sales Performance
items: Islamic Religious Teachers Shape Moral Formation in Elementary Learners
items: Purse Seine Fleet Optimization with E-Logbook Data in GoronPost-Election Communication Drives Reconciliation in Tallung Ura Villagetalo Fisheries

Determining Pharmaceutical Product Costs: Scientific and Practical Issues in Uzbekistan
type: item
description: This study addresses the scientific and practical challenges of determining finished product costs in pharmaceutical enterprises operating in the Republic of Uzbekistan, a critical issue in the context of economic reforms, stricter state regulation of drug pricing, and the ongoing transition to International Financial Reporting Standards that demand modern cost accounting systems. The research aims to identify deficiencies in current cost determination practices and propose improved methodologies tailored to the unique technological, regulatory, and organizational characteristics of pharmaceutical firms. Employing analytical, comparative, and monographic methods, the study examines actual accounting records and internal management reports from pharmaceutical enterprises, with particular attention to cost allocation across supply, production, laboratory testing, and packaging processes, and compares cost structures between imported and domestically manufactured products. Results reveal that material costs dominate the cost structure at approximately 50 percent, while wages and depreciation together account for nearly 30 percent; however, existing reporting practices fail to adequately disclose the distribution of indirect costs across production stages, limiting managerial control effectiveness. The novelty of this research lies in developing context-specific definitions for pharmaceutical business processes and proposing enhanced reporting formats that improve cost transparency and align with international standards. These findings have significant implications for strengthening management decision-making capabilities, improving financial reporting quality, and facilitating compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards in Uzbekistan's pharmaceutical sector. Keywords : Pharmaceutical Costing, Cost Allocation Methods, Financial Reporting Transparency, Indirect Cost Distribution, International Accounting Standards, Production Cost Structure Highlight : Ma…
creator: Khudaynazarova Dilnoza Gafurovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Khudaynazarova Dilnoza Gafurovna https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13143
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13143
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13143

Regional Head Policy Implementation for Batik Artisan Economic Empowerment
type: item
description: General Background: The batik industry is a major creative economy subsector that supports cultural preservation and local economic development, yet it faces constraints related to policy limitations, technological innovation, and market expansion. Specific Background: This study examines the implementation outcomes of regional head policies for batik industry advancement as a strategy for empowering artisans in Sleman Regency. Knowledge Gap: Prior batik-related studies commonly rely on descriptive or regression approaches, providing limited insight into complex interdependence among variables linking policy, implementation, and empowerment. Aims: Using MICMAC (Matrice d’Impacts Croisés Multiplication Application à un Classement), this study identifies the variables shaping the implementation of regional head policies in the batik industry system. Results: MICMAC mapping shows the Regional Head Policy (KKD) as the main driving variable with the strongest direct and indirect relations, while product and process innovation, market access and promotion, and artisans’ welfare emerge as strongly dependent variables; empirically, clearer innovation-oriented directives, bureaucratic simplification, and human resource quality are central to interpreting the policy’s operational meaning. Novelty: The study contributes a MICMAC-based structural mapping of complex influence–dependence relations in regional head policy implementation for batik industry governance in Sleman. Implications: The findings support policy recommendations focused on aligning regulations with technological innovation, facilitating market access expansion, and sustaining artisans’ economic livelihoods within the creative economy ecosystem. Highlight: MICMAC positioning ranks KKD as the primary pushing variable in the system. Product–process innovation, market access–promotion, and artisan welfare appear as strongly dependent variables. Clear innovation-oriented directives, streamlined bureaucracy, and hi…
creator: Priya Sulaksana
creator: Ahmad Ma’ruf
creator: Endah Saptutyningsih
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Priya Sulaksana, Ahmad Ma’ruf, Endah Saptutyningsih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-01-02
publication date: 2025-01-02
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13131
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13131
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13131

Digital Transformation and ICT Development in Uzbekistan's Digital Economy
type: item
description: This study examines the development trajectory of information and communication technologies (ICT) and their role in establishing the digital economy in the Republic of Uzbekistan during the transformative period of 2015-2024, a critical phase marked by systematic digital transformation initiatives under national strategic frameworks. The research aims to assess the effectiveness of ICT infrastructure development and digital service integration across economic sectors in Uzbekistan's transition toward a digitally-driven economy. Employing comparative economic analysis, systems approach, and observation methods, the study analyzes comprehensive statistical data from the International Telecommunication Union, Open Data Portal of Uzbekistan, and governmental reports, examining key indicators including internet penetration rates, broadband subscriptions, fiber-optic network expansion, mobile internet coverage, and e-government service adoption across banking, industry, agriculture, and education sectors. Empirical findings reveal substantial growth in internet users from 43.6% to 85%, broadband subscribers increasing from 5.2 million to 23 million, fiber-optic networks expanding from 16,000 km to 100,000 km, and electronic public services rising from limited availability to 595 services by 2024, with sector-specific ICT penetration reaching 85% in banking and finance. The novelty lies in providing systematic longitudinal evidence of digital transformation outcomes under the "Digital Uzbekistan-2030" strategy implementation, demonstrating accelerated digitalization post-2020. The findings offer significant implications for policymakers in developing economies pursuing digital transformation, confirming that coordinated state-level ICT infrastructure investments and e-government initiatives effectively establish foundational conditions for sustainable digital economic development and enhanced international competitiveness Keywords : Digital Economy, Information And Commun…
creator: Saatova Lolakhon Ergashevna
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Saatova Lolakhon Ergashevna https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13142
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13142
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13142

Algorithmic Assessment of Samarkand Attractiveness and Its Strategic Role in Agritourism Development
type: item
description: General Background: The integration of tourism and agriculture has increased the importance of territorial attractiveness as a determinant of sustainable agrotourism development. Specific Background: Samarkand combines significant agricultural resources, cultural heritage, and expanding tourism activity, yet its agrotourism attractiveness has not been systematically quantified for strategic planning purposes. Knowledge Gap: Existing assessments rely on fragmented indicators and qualitative descriptions, limiting comparative analysis and evidence-based decision-making. Aims: This study aims to develop and apply an algorithmic framework to assess the attractiveness of the Samarkand region and to examine its strategic importance for agrotourism development. Results: The findings indicate that Samarkand’s agrotourism attractiveness emerges from the interaction of economic potential, agricultural and natural resources, tourism infrastructure, socio-cultural assets, and institutional support rather than isolated factors. Novelty: The study introduces a multidimensional, indicator-based algorithm that integrates quantitative normalization, hybrid weighting, and expert evaluation into a single composite attractiveness index. Implications: The proposed framework supports evidence-driven regional planning, investment prioritization, and policy formulation, while offering a transferable model for assessing agrotourism attractiveness in regions with similar socio-economic and agricultural characteristics. Keywords : Territorial Attractiveness, Agritourism Development, Assessment Algorithm, Samarkand Region, Strategic Planning Highlight : Algorithm integrates five dimensions: economic, agricultural, infrastructural, socio-cultural, and institutional indicators Multicriteria evaluation combines quantitative normalization with expert-based weighting and sensitivity testing Framework enables longitudinal monitoring and comparative assessment across districts and regions
creator: Anvarov Nodir Allayorovich
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Anvarov Nodir Allayorovich https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13154
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13154
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13154

Management Mechanisms Aimed at Increasing the Efficiency of Resource Use in Industrial Enterprises
type: item
description: General Background: Efficient resource utilization is a critical determinant of competitiveness and sustainability in industrial enterprises facing economic uncertainty and rising costs. Specific Background: In resource-intensive industries, particularly textile enterprises, traditional management approaches are insufficient to control material, labor, energy, and financial resources under dynamic market conditions. Knowledge Gap: Existing studies provide limited integrated frameworks that empirically link strategic, operational, and digital management mechanisms to measurable improvements in resource efficiency and financial performance. Aims: This study aims to analyze management mechanisms that enhance the efficiency of resource use in industrial enterprises through integrated strategic, operational, and digital tools. Results: The findings demonstrate that integrated management mechanisms improve material utilization, labor productivity, and energy efficiency, while reducing unit production costs, operational risks, and cost volatility, leading to stronger financial performance. Novelty: The study proposes a structured, block-based management mechanism that systematically connects resource planning, digital support, monitoring, and financial management. Implications: The results provide practical guidance for managers and policymakers to strengthen resource efficiency, cost optimization, and long-term competitiveness in industrial enterprises, particularly within the textile sector. Keywords : Resource Efficiency, Industrial Enterprise Management, Integrated Management Mechanisms, Digital Resource Management, Operational and Cost Optimization Highlight : Integrated managerial systems significantly reduce material waste and stabilize input–output ratios across textile production stages. Digital tools enhance decision accuracy, real-time oversight, and operational consistency, strengthening productivity and risk control. Coordinated planning and monitoring improve…
creator: Avulchaeva Feruza Dzhurakuzievna
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Avulchaeva Feruza Dzhurakuzievna https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13155
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13155
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13155

The Efficacy of Bayesian Analysis in Predicting Stock Prices
type: item
description: General Background: Stock price prediction remains a central concern in financial economics due to its role in guiding investment decisions and managing market risk. Specific Background: Conventional forecasting techniques often inadequately address uncertainty, adaptability to new information, and the integration of prior knowledge, whereas Bayesian analysis offers a probabilistic framework that updates beliefs using historical and incoming data. Knowledge Gap: Despite growing interest in Bayesian methods within finance, empirical evidence demonstrating their practical efficiency in closely matching predicted and actual stock prices remains limited. Aims: This study aims to examine the efficiency of Bayesian analysis as a technical tool for predicting stock prices and supporting investor decision-making. Results: The findings indicate that Bayesian analysis generates predictions with minimal deviation from actual stock prices, confirming the robustness and reliability of the model. Novelty: The study reinforces the applied value of Bayesian analysis by empirically demonstrating its predictive efficiency within a real stock market context. Implications: These results suggest that Bayesian-based forecasting can enhance investors’ analytical independence, reduce reliance on costly external financial analysts, and promote more informed, data-driven investment strategies in dynamic financial markets. Keywords : Bayesian Analysis, Stock Price Prediction, Bayesian Forecasting Models, Financial Time Series, Investment Decision Making Highlight : Forecast outputs closely matched observed market values, indicating minimal deviation across tested periods. Continuous updating with incoming information improved adaptability under changing market conditions. Empirical application demonstrated practical usefulness for investment decision-making without reliance on external advisors.
creator: Haider Abbas abdullah Aljanabi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Haider Abbas abdullah Aljanabi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-27
publication date: 2025-12-27
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13156
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13156
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13156

The Role of Entrepreneurship in Competitive Advantage
type: item
description: General Background: Entrepreneurship has emerged as a fundamental driver of economic development and organizational sustainability in increasingly competitive global markets. Specific Background: Contemporary organizations face mounting pressure to integrate entrepreneurial principles—including innovation, opportunity recognition, and dynamic capabilities—into their strategic frameworks to maintain market relevance and achieve superior performance. Knowledge Gap: Despite the recognized importance of entrepreneurship in modern economies, a significant disconnect persists between theoretical entrepreneurial concepts and their practical application within organizations, particularly regarding how entrepreneurial activities generate sustainable competitive advantage through the integration of innovation, market responsiveness, and sustainability practices. Aims: This study provides a comprehensive analytical examination of entrepreneurship's role in building sustainable competitive advantage by exploring how entrepreneurial initiatives, innovation processes, market opportunity exploitation, and dynamic organizational capabilities collectively contribute to long-term institutional superiority and resilience. Results: The analysis demonstrates that organizations adopting entrepreneurial thinking with integrated innovation and sustainability principles exhibit superior adaptability to changing economic conditions, enhanced market positioning, and stronger competitive performance compared to traditional institutions, with entrepreneurial ecosystems—encompassing investors, educational institutions, and support networks—providing essential infrastructure for fostering entrepreneurial capabilities and strategic decision-making. Novelty: This research advances understanding by establishing entrepreneurship not as a complementary organizational function but as an essential strategic framework that synthesizes innovation, sustainability, and capability-building for achieving endu…
creator: Mustafa Muwafaq Yahya Alshafi
creator: Neşe YILDIZ
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mustafa Muwafaq Yahya Alshafi, Neşe YILDIZ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 11
number: 1
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13168

Semantic of Archaisation and its manifestations in contemporary Iraqi Plastic Art
type: item
description: General Background Contemporary Iraqi painting has evolved through continuous dialogue between inherited artistic traditions and modern aesthetic discourses shaped by social and cultural change. Specific Background Iraqi artists employ form, symbolism, and compositional structures to negotiate identity, modernity, and visual expression within a shifting historical context. Knowledge Gap Despite extensive discussions on Iraqi modern art, limited studies have systematically examined aesthetic form as a central interpretative axis connecting visual structure and cultural meaning. Aims This study aims to analyze aesthetic form in contemporary Iraqi painting and interpret its role in articulating modern artistic identity. Results The findings demonstrate that aesthetic form functions not merely as a visual arrangement but as a symbolic system reflecting social realities, cultural memory, and artistic adaptation. Novelty This research offers an integrated interpretative perspective that positions aesthetic form as a key mediator between tradition and modernity in Iraqi painting. Implications The study contributes theoretically to modern art discourse and provides a contextual framework for future analyses of contemporary Arab visual art. Keywords: Contemporary Iraqi Art, Aesthetic Form, Modern Painting, Visual Symbolism, Cultural Identity Key Findings Highlights: Aesthetic form represents cultural adaptation within contemporary Iraqi painting Visual structures embody dialogue between tradition and modern artistic expression Symbolic forms reflect social and historical realities in Iraqi modern art
creator: Dr. Bashar Jawad Noumi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Dr. Bashar Jawad Noumi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-02
publication date: 2026-01-02
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13171
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13171
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13171

Human Resource Quality and Organizational Culture in Employee Performance Assessment
type: item
description: Background: Employee performance remains a central concern in Islamic banking institutions operating in increasingly competitive service environments. Specific background: At PT Bank Riau Kepri Syariah Batam Branch, variations in employee competencies and internal organizational practices have raised questions regarding performance assessment outcomes. Knowledge gap: Existing studies tend to address human resources and organizational culture in general terms, with limited attention to concrete internal conditions such as educational mismatch, uneven technical skills, and reward practices in Islamic financial institutions. Aims: This study examines employee performance assessment by focusing on human resource quality and organizational culture within the institutional context. Results: Quantitative analysis using census data from 50 employees shows that human resource quality is prominently reflected in performance assessment results, while organizational culture does not demonstrate standalone statistical relevance, although both variables jointly account for a substantial proportion of performance variation. Novelty: The study emphasizes specific internal conditions that are often overlooked in prior research. Implications: The findings provide empirical insight for managerial evaluation of competency alignment and internal work systems to support sustainable employee performance assessment. Highlights Human resource quality is clearly reflected in employee performance assessment outcomes. Educational mismatch and uneven technical skills remain key internal organizational conditions. Organizational culture contributes jointly with human resource quality within performance assessment. Keywords Human Resource Quality, Organizational Culture, Employee Performance, Islamic Banking, Performance Assessment
creator: Denayou Nabilla Rajabie
creator: Desy Mardianti
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Denayou Nabilla Rajabie, Desy Mardianti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12978
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12978
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12978

Digital Word of Mouth, Destination Attractiveness, Brand Image, Accessibility Drive Tourist Intention
type: item
description: Tourist decision-making in competitive coastal destinations is increasingly shaped by digital exposure, experiential perceptions, and logistical convenience. This study investigates how electronic word of mouth (e-WOM), destination attractiveness, brand image, and accessibility influence tourist visiting intention at a major coastal destination in Indonesia. Using a quantitative ex post facto design, data were collected from 100 purposively selected respondents aged 18 years and above who had visited the destination at least twice and completed a validated Likert-scale survey. Multiple linear regression, supported by t-tests, F-tests, and adjusted R² analysis, reveals that e-WOM, destination attractiveness, brand image, and accessibility each exert a significant positive effect on tourist visiting intention. Collectively, these predictors explain approximately 76.6% of the variance in visiting intention, confirming that digital word of mouth, experiential quality, perceived brand reputation, and travel convenience function as integrated behavioral determinants rather than isolated stimuli. This study contributes empirical evidence to tourism behavior literature by demonstrating that destination competitiveness is strongly anchored in digital influence and multimodal experience rather than physical attraction alone. The findings indicate that enhancing the digital communication ecosystem, strengthening experiential attributes, improving brand positioning, and accelerating access infrastructure are strategic priorities for destination managers seeking to stimulate sustained tourist intention and market resilience. The study offers practical implications for tourism policy, destination marketing organizations, and stakeholders in designing targeted interventions that align with post-pandemic travel patterns and data-driven visitor expectations. Highlights • Digital word of mouth significantly strengthens tourist visiting intention. • Combined predictors explain 76.6% o…
creator: Angelica Putri
creator: Ida Bagus Nyoman Udayana
creator: Lusia Tria Hatmanti Hutami
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Angelica Putri, Ida Bagus Nyoman Udayana, Lusia Tria Hatmanti Hutami https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-25
publication date: 2025-12-25
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12882
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12882
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12882

Simplified Audits Support Micro Small And Medium Enterprise Financial Governance
type: item
description: General Background: Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises contribute 61.07% to Indonesia’s GDP and absorb 97% of the national workforce, yet 77.5% still lack adequate financial reporting. Specific Background: Most micro, small, and medium enterprises rely on manual or inconsistent bookkeeping, have limited understanding of financial standards, and experience obstacles in accessing financing due to unreliable financial statements. Knowledge Gap: Previous studies highlight financial literacy and reporting issues, but limited research explains how simplified audits aligned with national financial standards function as a practical mechanism for supporting financial governance. Aims: This literature review from 2022–2024 analyzes the urgency, mechanisms, and outcomes of simplified audits in strengthening financial management for micro, small, and medium enterprises in Indonesia. Results: Findings show simplified audits detect accounting errors, increase transparency, strengthen tax compliance, expand financing opportunities, reduce operational inefficiencies, and clarify real business conditions through digital tools that support audit trails and systematic documentation. Novelty: This study positions simplified audits as a transitional governance instrument that bridges financial illiteracy, the application of national financial standards, and the digitalization of enterprise administration, with processes adapted to the scale and constraints of small business operations. Implications: The study indicates that policy support, digital adoption, capacity building, and affordable audit services can enable long-term financial resilience, transparency, and competitiveness for micro, small, and medium enterprises in Indonesia’s economic landscape. Highlights • Routine verification identifies misstatements, tax exposure, and hidden cash flow discrepancies. • Digital accounting tools streamline documentation and strengthen audit traceability. • Audit stages offer a practical pat…
creator: Naning Rahmawati
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Naning Rahmawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13029
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13029
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13029

The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure, Profitability, Leverage, Liquidity, and Sales Growth on Firm Value
type: item
description: General Background Firm value represents a key market-based indicator reflecting investor assessment of corporate performance and future prospects in capital markets. Specific Background In Indonesia, rapid growth of the capital market and sectoral expansion in industrials, consumer non-cyclical, and healthcare companies have intensified attention toward financial and non-financial disclosures associated with firm value. Knowledge Gap Prior empirical findings on the roles of corporate social responsibility disclosure, profitability, leverage, liquidity, and sales growth in shaping firm value remain inconsistent, particularly across specific IDX sectors and recent observation periods. Aims This study aims to examine the relationships between CSR disclosure, profitability, leverage, liquidity, and sales growth with firm value among companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2022–2024. Results Using 90 firm-year observations and multiple linear regression, the findings indicate that profitability shows a positive and significant association with firm value, while liquidity exhibits a negative and significant association; CSR disclosure, leverage, and sales growth demonstrate no significant relationships. Novelty This study provides recent sector-focused evidence highlighting the contrasting roles of profitability and liquidity within Indonesian listed firms during the post-pandemic period. Implications The results suggest that investors prioritize profit-generating capability over CSR disclosure and growth indicators, while excessive liquidity may signal inefficient resource allocation, offering insights for corporate financial management, investors, and regulators concerned with firm value formation. Highlights: Profit-generating capacity emerged as the strongest statistically supported driver of market valuation. Excessive short-term asset holdings were associated with lower market appraisal. Sustainability reporting and revenue expansion indicators were…
creator: Kellen Ivana Trini
creator: Djeni lndrajati Widjaja
creator: Nastasya Cindy Hidajat
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Kellen Ivana Trini, Djeni lndrajati Widjaja, Nastasya Cindy Hidajat https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
volume: 11
number: 1
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13063

Advanced Foreign Practices in the Use of Transport Services for Regional Economic Development
type: item
description: General background: Transport systems serve as fundamental components in regional economic development, directly influencing interregional relations, production growth, and investment climate improvement. Specific background: Advanced countries employ digital logistics platforms, public-private partnerships, and green transport strategies to enhance economic efficiency, yet developing nations struggle to adapt these innovations systematically. Knowledge gap: Limited empirical analysis exists on how integrated transport service models—combining digitalization, PPP mechanisms, and sustainable policies—can be strategically applied to accelerate regional economic growth in emerging markets like Uzbekistan. Aims: This study examines foreign transport practices to identify effective organizational and economic mechanisms for regional development, analyzing reforms in aviation, motor transport, and digital service implementation. Results: Comparative analysis reveals that Germany's Smart Logistics increased efficiency by 25%, South Korea's PPP model reduced budget burdens by 30%, and China's Belt and Road Initiative expanded regional trade by 40%. Uzbekistan's freight volumes grew from 650 million tons (2020) to 703.6 million tons (2024), with service value rising from 75 to 108.4 trillion UZS. Novelty: The research provides integrated assessment of digital transformation, multimodal corridor development, and green mobility strategies specifically contextualized for transitional economies. Implications: Findings establish strategic directions for implementing intelligent transport systems, expanding PPP infrastructure, and strengthening regional integration to achieve sustainable economic growth. Highlight : Digital transformation improves efficiency by 25% and reduces logistics costs through AI-based management and intelligent transport systems. Public-private partnerships enable infrastructure financing with 1:1.7 investment multiplier effect while reducing state budget …
creator: Karimova Shakhnoza Uktamovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Karimova Shakhnoza Uktamovna https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13114
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13114
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13114

Use of Artificial Intelligence Methods in Risk Assessment and Prediction of Preeclampsia
type: item
description: General Background: Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, with early prediction remaining a critical challenge in obstetric care. Specific Background: Conventional diagnostic approaches based on clinical and isolated biochemical markers often identify the disorder at advanced stages and fail to capture its multifactorial pathophysiology. Knowledge Gap: There is limited integration of multidimensional clinical, biochemical, and Doppler data into robust predictive models capable of early and individualized risk assessment. Aims: This study aimed to develop and evaluate a machine learning–based model for early prediction of preeclampsia using comprehensive antenatal data. Results: In a retrospective cohort of 1,200 pregnant women, the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model demonstrated superior performance, achieving an AUC of 0.94, sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 89%, and overall accuracy of 90%, outperforming random forest, support vector machine, and logistic regression models. Key predictors included mean arterial pressure, maternal age, uterine artery pulsatility index, placental growth factor, and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1. Novelty: The study integrates 35 heterogeneous parameters into an AI-driven framework, highlighting the strength of ensemble learning in capturing nonlinear risk patterns. Implications: AI-based predictive tools offer significant potential for early identification of high-risk pregnancies, enabling targeted preventive interventions and advancing precision obstetrics to reduce preeclampsia-related adverse outcomes. Highlight : *]:pointer-events-auto scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]" dir="auto" tabindex="-1" data-turn-id="request-WEB:6df74ee3-ef5e-476b-9c12-8e8e895592f5-3" data-testid="conversation-turn-4" data-scroll-anchor="true" data-turn="assistant"> XGBoost showed high accuracy for early preeclampsia risk prediction. Combined clinical, bio…
creator: Nematova Marjona Zikrillaevna
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nematova Marjona Zikrillaevna https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13117
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13117
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13117

Features of The Disease Management in the Appendical Infiltrate
type: item
description: General Background: Acute appendicitis represents the most prevalent acute abdominal pathology requiring surgical intervention. Specific Background: Appendicular infiltrate, occurring in 1-10% of acute appendicitis cases, poses diagnostic challenges that frequently result in inappropriate treatment selection and unjustified surgical procedures. Knowledge Gap: Despite its clinical significance, standardized diagnostic criteria and management protocols for appendicular infiltrate remain inadequately defined, particularly regarding intraoperative recognition and intervention decisions. Aims: This study analyzed diagnostic approaches and treatment outcomes in patients presenting with appendicular infiltrate to establish evidence-based management protocols. Results: Among 3,567 patients treated for acute appendicitis between 2020-2024, appendicular infiltrate was identified in 38 cases (1.1%). Delayed presentation constituted the primary etiological factor (75%), while atypical appendiceal positioning complicated diagnosis in 7.9% of cases. Conservative management achieved successful resolution in 78.9% of patients, whereas 21.1% required surgical intervention due to abscess formation. Intraoperative identification of infiltrate in six patients necessitated procedure termination with drainage placement; one attempted appendectomy resulted in postoperative complications. Novelty: This investigation establishes that immediate cessation of surgery upon intraoperative infiltrate recognition minimizes complications. Implications: These findings emphasize prioritizing conservative management and avoiding appendectomy when infiltrate is encountered operatively. Highlight : *]:pointer-events-auto scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]" dir="auto" tabindex="-1" data-turn-id="request-WEB:cabfa523-1244-4440-9d14-5f6d6c2bd51d-6" data-testid="conversation-turn-2" data-scroll-anchor="true" data-turn="assistant"> Late patient presentation is the primary facto…
creator: Ismailov F.M.
creator: Dolim K.S
creator: Askarov T.A
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ismailov F.M., Dolim K.S, Askarov T.A https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13120
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13120
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13120

Quantitative Characterization of Liver Safety in Surgical Diseases and Postoperative Course
type: item
description: General Background: Accurate assessment of liver functional reserve remains critical in surgical practice, as hepatic dysfunction substantially elevates postoperative morbidity and mortality risks. Specific Background: Conventional biochemical markers (ALT, AST, bilirubin) predominantly reflect cytolysis and cholestasis but fail to evaluate hepatocellular energetic status or regenerative capacity. Knowledge Gap: Current diagnostic approaches lack objective quantitative indicators that directly measure mitochondrial function and viable hepatocyte populations in surgical patients. Aims: This study evaluated a novel prognostic coefficient based on the ratio of cytochrome C to TMPD oxidase mitochondrial activities for quantifying liver parenchymal preservation in patients with hepatobiliary surgical diseases. Results: Analysis of 24 patients demonstrated strong inverse correlation between coefficient values and viable hepatocyte percentages. Coefficients of 2.5-3.5 units indicated favorable prognosis, 5-7 units signaled elevated complication risk, while values ≥8 units predicted unfavorable outcomes, irrespective of standard biochemical parameters. Novelty: Unlike traditional markers, this coefficient directly reflects mitochondrial respiratory chain integrity and hepatocellular viability through objective biochemical measurements. Implications: The proposed coefficient serves as an integrated quantitative marker of hepatic functional reserve, enabling improved surgical risk stratification and outcome prediction in hepatobiliary surgery. Highlight : The cytochrome C to TMPD oxidase ratio correlates better with hepatocyte viability than standard biochemical markers in both experimental and clinical contexts. Coefficient values predict postoperative outcomes: 2.5-3.5 units indicate favorable prognosis, 5-7 units suggest complications, and ≥8 units correlate with mortality. Mitochondrial dysfunction demonstrates universal quantifiable patterns across different etiologies, …
creator: Akhmedov M. Dj
creator: Askarov T.A
creator: Fayziev Y.N.
creator: Ashurmetov A.
creator: Ismailov F. M.
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Akhmedov M. Dj, Askarov T.A, Fayziev Y.N., Ashurmetov A., Ismailov F. M. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13122
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13122
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13122

Applications of nuclear physics in medical diagnostics: A comparative study between SPECT and PET
type: item
description: Nuclear physics has fundamentally transformed medical diagnostics through Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET), which provide functional and physiological information beyond conventional imaging modalities. This study conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of SPECT and PET by examining their nuclear physics principles, technical instrumentation, image quality parameters, and clinical applications. Employing systematic literature review methodology, the research synthesizes peer-reviewed articles from major scientific databases published between 2015 and 2025. The analysis reveals that PET demonstrates superior spatial resolution (4-7 mm versus 8-12 mm), enhanced sensitivity (1-2% compared to 0.01-0.03%), and greater quantitative accuracy due to coincidence detection and higher photon energy (511 keV). Conversely, SPECT maintains advantages in cost-effectiveness, radiotracer accessibility through on-site synthesis, and longer half-lives suitable for extended protocols. This research integrates physical, instrumental, and patient-dependent factors influencing image quality while exploring emerging developments including hybrid imaging and artificial intelligence applications. The findings establish evidence-based criteria for modality selection, emphasizing the complementary nature of these techniques in advancing precision diagnostics across oncology, cardiology, and neurology. Keywords : Nuclear Medicine Imaging, SPECT Modality, PET Technology, Radiotracer Applications, Gamma Photon Detection, Medical Diagnostics Highlight : PET demonstrates superior spatial resolution (4-7 mm) and sensitivity (1-2%) compared to SPECT's performance metrics. Hybrid imaging systems combining PET-CT achieve widespread clinical acceptance, particularly enhancing oncology diagnostic capabilities. Collimator geometry primarily limits SPECT resolution (8-12 mm), while coincidence detection enables PET's improved quantitative accur…
creator: Amani Shyaa Jebur
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Amani Shyaa Jebur https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-24
publication date: 2025-12-24
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13138
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13138
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13138

The Importance of Endolymphatic Administration of Drugs In The Treatment of Persistent Postoperative Peritoniti
type: item
description: Persistent postoperative peritonitis remains a major challenge in abdominal surgery due to high rates of septic complications, antimicrobial resistance, and insufficient drug concentrations at the site of inflammation, making optimization of regional drug delivery clinically relevant. This study aims to evaluate the clinical and immunological effectiveness of endolymphatic drug administration in the comprehensive treatment of appendicular peritonitis. A retrospective and comparative clinical study was conducted on 66 patients with appendicular peritonitis treated in surgical departments of Tashkent city clinics, divided into a main group receiving endolymphatic therapy and a control group managed with conventional treatment. Clinical severity scores, biochemical parameters, intoxication indices, and immunological markers were analyzed using non-parametric statistical methods. The results demonstrate that endolymphatic drug administration achieved higher local therapeutic concentrations, significantly improved lymphocyte subpopulations, enhanced humoral immunity indicators, reduced endogenous intoxication, and accelerated recovery compared with standard therapy. Unlike prior studies that focused primarily on systemic antibiotic regimens, this research provides empirical evidence on the immunomodulatory and detoxifying advantages of targeted endolymphatic therapy in postoperative peritonitis. These findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of lymphatic system involvement in inflammatory control and support practical and policy-oriented implications for integrating endolymphatic drug administration into surgical infection management protocols to reduce complications and improve patient outcomes. Keywords : Endolymphatic antibiotic therapy, appendicular peritonitis, immunomodulation, lymphatic drug delivery, surgical sepsis prevention, postoperative complications Highlight : Endolymphatic therapy increases total T-lymphocytes 1.41-fold and improves immunoglob…
creator: Ashurmetov A.M.
creator: Usarov A.M.
creator: Fayziyev Y.N.
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ashurmetov A.M., Usarov A.M., Fayziyev Y.N. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13140
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13140
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13140

Endolymphatic Drug Delivery Improves Outcomes in Persistent Postoperative Peritonitis
type: item
description: Postoperative peritonitis remains a critical challenge in contemporary surgery, with persistent complications despite conventional antibiotic therapy leading to increased mortality and prolonged recovery periods. This study investigates the therapeutic efficacy of direct endolymphatic drug therapy (TTBET) in managing persistent postoperative peritonitis following acute appendicitis. The research examined 66 patients with appendicular peritonitis treated in Tashkent surgical clinics, divided into a main group receiving endolymphatic therapy via catheterized peripheral lymphatic vessels (n=36) and a control group receiving conventional treatment (n=30). Immunological parameters including T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes, immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM), and neutrophil phagocytic activity were measured at baseline and day 14 post-treatment using standardized biochemical and immunological assays. Results demonstrated statistically significant improvements in the endolymphatic therapy group, with T-lymphocyte counts increasing 1.41-fold compared to controls (p=0.0022), IgG levels rising 1.7-fold versus 1.49-fold in controls, and neutrophil phagocytic activity improving 1.68-fold versus negligible change in the control group. This study provides novel evidence that endolymphatic administration achieves superior drug concentration at inflammatory sites while simultaneously modulating immune responses through direct lymphatic system engagement. The findings suggest endolymphatic therapy represents a pathogenetically sound approach for managing persistent peritonitis, offering reduced antibiotic doses, enhanced immunological recovery, and improved clinical outcomes, warranting broader clinical implementation in surgical infection management protocols. Keywords : Endolymphatic Drug Administration, Postoperative Peritonitis Management, Lymphatic System Therapeutics, Immunomodulation Surgical Infections, Regional Antibiotic Delivery, Purulent-Septic Complications Highlight : Endoly…
creator: Usarov A.M.
creator: Ashurmetov A.M.
creator: Fayziyev Y.N.
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Usarov A.M., Ashurmetov A.M., Fayziyev Y.N. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13141
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13141
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13141

Significant Micronutrient Imbalance Associated with Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia Infections in Children
type: item
description: General Background: Intestinal protozoal infections constitute a substantial public health burden in developing countries, contributing to considerable gastrointestinal morbidity among pediatric populations. Specific Background: Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia infections have been associated with malabsorption and subsequent micronutrient deficiencies in children. Knowledge Gap: Despite documented individual nutrient deficiencies, the concurrent effects of these protozoal infections on vitamin D, calcium, and vitamin C status remain inadequately characterized in Middle Eastern pediatric populations. Aims: This case-control study evaluated serum concentrations of vitamin D, calcium, and vitamin C among male children aged 1-10 years infected with E. histolytica, G. lamblia, and healthy controls in Thi-Qar Governorate, Iraq. Results: Infected children demonstrated significantly reduced micronutrient levels compared to controls (P < 0.001), with G. lamblia infection exhibiting the most pronounced deficiencies. Large effect sizes were observed for vitamin D (η² = 0.41), calcium (η² = 0.36), and vitamin C (η² = 0.52). Novelty: This investigation represents the first comprehensive assessment of multi-micronutrient deficiency patterns associated with these protozoal infections in Iraqi children. Implications: These findings underscore the necessity for integrated parasitological-nutritional interventions in clinical management protocols to optimize therapeutic outcomes and prevent long-term developmental consequences. Highlight : Children infected with Giardia lamblia showed the lowest serum vitamin D and calcium levels, indicating more severe malabsorption than Entamoeba histolytica infection. Intestinal protozoal infections were associated with concurrent deficiencies of vitamin D, calcium, and vitamin C, reflecting a multi-micronutrient depletion pattern rather than isolated deficits. Large effect sizes confirmed a strong association between protozoal diarrhea,…
creator: Layla S. Abu-Hadal
creator: Noor M. Al-Humaidy
creator: Dumooa F. Al-Hameedawi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Layla S. Abu-Hadal, Noor M. Al-Humaidy, Dumooa F. Al-Hameedawi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13115
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13115
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13115

Exploiting Klebsiella pneumoniae Arginine Deiminase: Purification, Characterization, and Selective Anticancer Activity
type: item
description: General Background: Arginine deiminase (ADI) represents a promising therapeutic enzyme for treating arginine-auxotrophic cancers by catalyzing L-arginine conversion to citrulline and ammonia, exploiting the metabolic vulnerability of cancer cells deficient in arginosuccinate synthetase (ASS). Specific Background: Colorectal cancer, ranking second in mortality and third in global incidence, demonstrates heterogeneous arginine metabolism with certain tumor subtypes exhibiting impaired ASS expression, rendering them susceptible to arginine deprivation therapy. Knowledge Gap: Despite ADI's therapeutic potential, comprehensive characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae-derived ADI and its selective cytotoxicity against colorectal cancer remains insufficiently explored. Aims: This study isolated, purified, and characterized ADI from clinically isolated K. pneumoniae strains and evaluated its selective anticancer activity against HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells versus NCM460 normal colon cells. Results: Isolate No. 5 demonstrated optimal ADI production (12 U/mg), achieving 11-fold purification through three-step chromatographic procedures yielding 32.9 U/mg specific activity with 40.9% recovery; optimal enzymatic performance occurred at pH 7 and 37°C, with Mn²⁺ and Fe³⁺ enhancing activity (120% and 105% respectively) while EDTA inhibited it (73%), confirming metalloenzyme properties; cytotoxicity assays revealed selective anticancer activity with IC₅₀ values of 390 µg/mL against HCT-116 cells and >800 µg/mL against NCM460 cells, demonstrating 2.3-fold selectivity. Novelty: This investigation provides the first comprehensive biochemical characterization of K. pneumoniae-derived ADI with demonstrated selective cytotoxicity parameters specifically targeting colorectal cancer. Implications: These findings establish K. pneumoniae ADI as a promising selective therapeutic candidate for colorectal cancer treatment, warranting further development including PEGylation strategies and …
creator: Jawad N. K. Makassees
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jawad N. K. Makassees https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-27
publication date: 2025-12-27
volume: 11
number: 1
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13152

Prevalence Pattern of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Producing Escherichia coli in Beef in Traditional Markets
type: item
description: Background: Antimicrobial resistance represents a growing global health concern, with foodborne bacteria acting as important reservoirs in the transmission pathway. Specific background: Escherichia coli capable of producing Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase has been frequently detected in animal-derived foods, particularly beef sold in traditional markets where sanitation practices are often inadequate. Knowledge gap: Despite numerous studies on livestock and slaughterhouses, evidence describing the prevalence pattern of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase producing Escherichia coli in beef at the traditional market level remains limited, especially in Surabaya. Aims: This study aimed to describe the prevalence pattern of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase producing Escherichia coli in beef sold in traditional markets. Results: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on fifty beef samples collected from multiple vendors. Identification using MacConkey agar and confirmation with the Double Disk Synergy Test showed that 29 samples (58%) were positive for Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase producing Escherichia coli, with variation across vendors. Novelty: This study provides direct phenotypic confirmation of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase producing Escherichia coli in beef from traditional market settings. Implications: The findings emphasize the need for routine microbiological monitoring and improved hygiene practices in traditional meat distribution to support food safety and public health protection. Highlights Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase producing Escherichia coli detected in more than half of beef samples Prevalence pattern varied among traditional market vendors Traditional market meat handling presents substantial food safety challenges Keywords Beef, Escherichia Coli, Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase, Traditional Markets, Antimicrobial Resistance
creator: Puput Ayu Novitasari
creator: Kuntaman
creator: Akhmad Sudibja
creator: Jesyca Isabel Anggraini
creator: Tri Anisa Istiqomah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Puput Ayu Novitasari, Kuntaman, Akhmad Sudibja, Jesyca Isabel Anggraini, Tri Anisa Istiqomah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-20
publication date: 2025-12-20
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12987
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12987
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12987

Serological Detection of Toxoplasmosis in Relation to marital status, Cats Contact and Abortion in Wasit province, Iraq
type: item
description: General Background: Toxoplasma gondii represents a globally distributed protozoan parasite capable of infecting warm-blooded animals, including humans, with particular concern for pregnant women due to risks of miscarriage and congenital malformations. Specific Background: While toxoplasmosis has been extensively investigated worldwide, limited epidemiological data exist regarding its prevalence and associated risk factors among women in Wasit Province, Iraq. Knowledge Gap: The relationship between T. gondii seropositivity and socio-demographic factors such as marital status, cat contact, and abortion history remains inadequately characterized in this region. Aims: This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii antibodies (IgG and IgM) among women of reproductive age and examine associations with marital status, cat contact, and abortion history. Results: Among 300 women tested, 51% demonstrated seropositivity for T. gondii antibodies, with significantly higher rates observed in married women (54% vs. 30%, p=0.05) and those with abortion history (69% vs. 42%, p=0.05). Novelty: This study provides the first comprehensive assessment of toxoplasmosis seroprevalence and risk factors specifically among women in Wasit Province. Implications: These findings underscore the necessity for targeted public health interventions, including periodic screening of reproductive-age women, health education on food hygiene and cat interactions, and environmental preventive strategies to reduce T. gondii transmission. Highlight : The study found 51% seroprevalence of T. gondii antibodies among women in Wasit Province, Iraq, indicating a significant public health concern. Married women showed higher seropositivity (54%) than unmarried women (30%), linked to household exposure and contaminated food handling. Women with abortion history had elevated seroprevalence (69%), highlighting the need for routine toxoplasmosis screening in prenatal care. Keywords : Toxoplasma gondii,…
creator: Zainab Abdalameer Kadhem
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Zainab Abdalameer Kadhem https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13113
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13113
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13113

Review Of Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Water by Complexation-Assisted Ultrafiltration
type: item
description: The escalating contamination of water resources by heavy metal ions poses critical environmental and public health challenges, necessitating efficient remediation technologies. This review examines the application of Complexation-Assisted Ultrafiltration (CP-UF), alternatively termed Polymer-Enhanced Ultrafiltration (PEUF), as an advanced membrane-based separation process for removing toxic heavy metals from aqueous solutions. The study systematically analyzes two distinct approaches: synthetic polymers including Polyethylene Glycol (PEG 5000) and Diethylaminoethyl-cellulose (DEAE-cellulose) for zinc and cadmium removal, and natural biopolymer Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) for copper, nickel, and chromium elimination. Through comprehensive evaluation of experimental data from ultrafiltration membrane systems operated under varying conditions, the research demonstrates that DEAE-cellulose achieves exceptional rejection rates up to 99% for Zn(II) at pH 9.0 and 300 kPa pressure, while CMC exhibits superior performance exceeding 97% rejection for Cu(II), Ni(II), and Cr(III) at neutral to alkaline pH conditions. Critical operational parameters including solution pH, applied transmembrane pressure, membrane molecular weight cut-off, and polymer concentration significantly influence both permeate flux and metal ion retention efficiency. The novelty of this work lies in the comparative assessment of synthetic versus natural polymeric ligands, revealing that amino-functionalized DEAE-cellulose forms stable coordination complexes through nitrogen electron donation, whereas CMC utilizes carboxyl and hydroxyl groups for metal binding in pH-dependent octahedral or square planar configurations. Furthermore, the study establishes the economic and environmental feasibility of polymer regeneration through pH adjustment or chemical cleaning cycles, enabling multiple reuse iterations. These findings advance membrane separation theory by validating osmotic pressure models in complexati…
creator: Azeez Sakran Abed
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Azeez Sakran Abed https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-24
publication date: 2025-12-24
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13139
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13139
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13139

The Organic Interrelation Between Legal Requirements and Citizens’ Moral Responsibility in the Electoral Process
type: item
description: This study investigates the interdependent relationship between legal regulation and citizens' moral responsibility in electoral processes, addressing the critical challenge that formal electoral laws alone cannot guarantee democratic legitimacy without corresponding ethical engagement from the electorate. The research aims to theoretically and practically substantiate how legal requirements and moral consciousness function as mutually reinforcing mechanisms in ensuring free, fair, and transparent elections. Employing a comprehensive methodological framework, the study integrates comparative analysis of legal systems, structural-functional approaches to electoral institutions, content analysis of legislative documents and academic literature, and sociological observation of civic behavior patterns during electoral processes. The analysis reveals that while legal norms provide essential procedural frameworks—including voting freedom, equality principles, and transparency mechanisms—their effectiveness critically depends on citizens' internalization of ethical values such as integrity, civic duty, responsibility, fairness, and political awareness. The principal finding demonstrates that electoral violations including corruption, vote-selling, and manipulation primarily stem from insufficient moral responsibility rather than legislative deficiencies, even in contexts with advanced electoral codes and technological safeguards. The novelty of this research lies in its systematic integration of legal and socio-ethical dimensions within electoral analysis, challenging purely normative approaches by establishing electoral culture as a key socio-legal factor bridging formal regulation and civic ethics. The study's implications extend to democratic governance theory and electoral reform policy, recommending continuous electoral education systems, enhanced digital civic outreach, strengthened public oversight mechanisms, and youth engagement strategies to cultivate the moral c…
creator: Dadajonova Feruza Abduaziz Qizi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dadajonova Feruza Abduaziz Qizi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13144
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13144
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13144

Evaluating a Local Economic Empowerment Grant: Growth in Cooperative Capital, Membership, and Net Surplus
type: item
description: General Background: Cooperatives play a strategic role in community-based economic development in Indonesia but often face constraints related to capital, human resources, and institutional sustainability. Specific Background: To address these challenges, the Kediri City Government implemented the PRODAMAS Plus Community Empowerment Program, providing grants to strengthen RW-level cooperatives, including the Kemiri Makmur Cooperative. Knowledge Gap: Despite the widespread implementation of grant-based empowerment programs, empirical evidence on their effectiveness in ensuring long-term cooperative sustainability at the grassroots level remains limited. Aims: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the PRODAMAS Plus economic grant in supporting the sustainability of the Kemiri Makmur Cooperative using Steers’ effectiveness framework. Results: The findings demonstrate that the grant significantly increased cooperative capital, assets, membership, and net surplus (SHU), enhanced service delivery, and enabled short-term business innovation, although sustainability was constrained by limited human resources, space, and leadership regeneration. Novelty: This study provides micro-level evidence of how localized fiscal empowerment influences cooperative performance across multiple effectiveness dimensions. Implications: The results suggest that grant programs should be complemented with continuous mentoring, capacity building, and institutional strengthening to ensure sustained community economic development. Highlights: Grant Impact: Substantial government grants significantly strengthened cooperative capital, assets, and net surplus. Institutional Capacity: Human resource limitations and leadership regeneration remain key challenges to sustainability. Policy Insight: Financial assistance must be integrated with continuous mentoring and capacity building to ensure long-term effectiveness. Keywords: PRODAMAS Plus, Cooperative Sustainability, Community Empowerment, …
creator: Aurora Andi Tribuana
creator: Bayu Priambodo
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Aurora Andi Tribuana, Bayu Priambodo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
volume: 11
number: 1
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12992

Utilizing Integrated Marketing Strategies to Enhance the Competitiveness of Higher Education Institutions
type: item
description: The intensifying competition in the global higher education market has compelled higher education institutions to move beyond traditional promotional practices and adopt integrated marketing strategies that address credibility, differentiation, and stakeholder expectations. This study aims to examine how integrated marketing strategies, combining the traditional marketing mix with public trust and strategic partnerships, contribute to enhancing the competitiveness of higher education institutions. The research employed a mixed-methods design using survey data collected from 146 respondents, including students, parents, and administrative staff from higher education institutions in the Bukhara region. The data were analyzed systematically through SWOT and STEPLED frameworks to capture internal capabilities and external environmental dynamics influencing institutional competitiveness. The findings demonstrate that integrated marketing strategies significantly strengthen institutional competitiveness by improving brand image, reinforcing public trust, and supporting sustainable strategic positioning. Digital marketing adoption, alumni engagement, and inter-institutional partnerships emerged as key drivers of competitive advantage, while limitations in professional marketing capacity and financial resources remained critical challenges. The novelty of this study lies in empirically integrating public trust and strategic partnerships into the classical marketing mix within a unified analytical model tailored to a transitional higher education context. The results provide theoretical contributions to higher education marketing literature and offer practical and policy-relevant implications for university leaders seeking to design evidence-based, sustainable marketing strategies that enhance competitiveness in both regional and international higher education markets. Keywords : Integrated Higher Education Marketing, Institutional Competitiveness, Public Trust Governance, S…
creator: Shakhlo Raupovna Ruziyeva
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Shakhlo Raupovna Ruziyeva https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13147
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13147
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13147

Integration of Psychology and Islamic Education in Internalizing Exemplary Values through Historical Figures of Islam
type: item
description: General Background: Islamic education aspires to develop learners’ character alongside knowledge through the internalization of divine values. Specific Background: In History of Islamic Culture learning, Islamic historical figures are often taught as biographical content and chronology rather than as lived moral exemplars, contributing to a gap between cognitive knowledge and noble conduct. Knowledge Gap: A conceptual framework is needed that unites educational psychology with Islamic educational concepts to explain both the learning mechanisms and the spiritual orientation of exemplary learning. Aims: This article formulates an integrative conceptual model between psychology and Islamic education to support exemplary value internalization through Islamic historical figures. Results: Using library research and descriptive-analytical synthesis, the study proposes a three-stage framework: a cognitive stage combining information processing theory with tadabbur for deep understanding; an affective stage aligning humanistic empathy with tazkiyatun nafs to build emotional attachment; and a conative/behavioral stage integrating shaping and reinforcement with ittibaʾ to realize values in concrete actions. Novelty: The framework synthesizes psychological stages of learning with Islamic spiritual concepts into a holistic pathway that shifts Islamic Cultural History from knowledge transfer to value-oriented character formation. Implications: The model calls for teachers as facilitators and living role models, participative-reflective methods, and authentic, holistic assessment of learners’ value-oriented behavior. Highlights: A triadic pathway connects information processing with tadabbur to deepen understanding of historical narratives. Empathic learning conditions are paired with tazkiyatun nafs to cultivate emotional attachment and reflective practice. Shaping and reinforcement are linked with ittibaʾ to translate moral lessons into sustained daily actions and authentic ass…
creator: Jamilatus Zahroh
creator: Abdul Muhid
creator: Arif Ainur Rofiq
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jamilatus Zahroh, Abdul Muhid, Arif Ainur Rofiq https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-28
publication date: 2025-12-28
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13000
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13000
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13000

Strategic Management Strengthens Sustainable Educational Tourism Schools and Student Environmental Entrepreneurship
type: item
description: Educational tourism programs embedded in schools are increasingly promoted to deliver experiential learning, yet many institutions struggle to sustain them amid limited resources, uneven stakeholder commitment, and weak strategic alignment. This study aims to explain how strategic management practices enable sustainable educational tourism schools while strengthening student character education and environmental entrepreneurship. Using a qualitative multiple-case design, data were collected in two junior high schools implementing educational tourism initiatives through semi-structured interviews with school leaders, teachers, students, parents, and program teams, complemented by onsite observations and document analysis. Thematic analysis indicates that program sustainability is achieved through a participatory strategic management cycle that integrates vision-driven planning, structured implementation with clear task allocation, and periodic evaluation used for continuous adjustment. Empirically, the programs improve students’ environmental literacy, creativity, responsibility, and entrepreneurial orientation through hands-on activities such as eco-farming, waste-to-resource practices, and student-managed production units. A key novelty of this study is its comparative, end-to-end mapping of strategic management processes across two educational tourism school models, demonstrating how adaptive evaluation and stakeholder collaboration jointly compensate for constraints in funding and human resources. The findings advance theory by linking strategic management cycles to experiential character learning outcomes, and they inform policy and practice by recommending stronger cross-sector partnerships, capacity development for teachers and students, and data-informed monitoring to institutionalize sustainable educational tourism in secondary education. Highlights: Participatory strategic management offsets resource constraints through multi-stakeholder collaboration. Cont…
creator: Indri Ribbut Aprilla
creator: Amrozi Khamidi
creator: Mohammad Syahidul Haq
creator: Muhammad Sholeh
creator: Kaniati Amalia
creator: Rusijono Rusijono
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indri Ribbut Aprilla, Amrozi Khamidi, Mohammad Syahidul Haq, Muhammad Sholeh , Kaniati Amalia , Rusijono Rusijono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-25
publication date: 2025-12-25
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12902
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12902
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12902

Development of Sasak Folktale-Based Animated Audiovisuals to Improve Storytelling and Literacy Skills in Early Childhood
type: item
description: Early childhood literacy and storytelling skills are critical foundations for later academic achievement, yet many learning environments remain constrained by monotonous instructional practices and limited culturally responsive media. This study addresses this gap by examining the impact of animated folklore as an innovative learning medium for early childhood education. The aim of the research is to evaluate the effectiveness of folklore-based animated audiovisuals in improving literacy and storytelling skills among young children. The study employs a research and development approach using the ADDIE framework, involving expert validation and field implementation. Empirical data were collected from 65 kindergarten children aged 5–6 years across small-scale and large-scale trials, using observation instruments, questionnaires, and pretest–posttest assessments. Quantitative analysis included descriptive statistics, N-Gain scores, and paired-sample t-tests. The results demonstrate substantial improvements in both literacy and storytelling outcomes after exposure to the animated folklore intervention, with medium-to-high learning gains and statistically significant differences between pretest and posttest scores. The media achieved high validity and practicality ratings from experts, teachers, and learners, indicating strong instructional quality and classroom feasibility. The novelty of this study lies in its integration of culturally grounded animated folklore as a systematic pedagogical tool that simultaneously strengthens narrative competence and early literacy skills. The findings contribute to early childhood education theory by reinforcing the role of culturally responsive digital media in language development, while offering practical implications for educators and policymakers seeking scalable, engaging strategies to enhance foundational literacy and storytelling in early learning contexts. Highlights: Animated folklore significantly improves early childhood l…
creator: Azalia Rizkini Pratiwi
creator: Fahruddin Fahruddin
creator: Moh. Irawan Zain
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Azalia Rizkini Pratiwi, Fahruddin Fahruddin, Moh. Irawan Zain https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-24
publication date: 2025-12-24
volume: 11
number: 1
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12980

The Validity of Imam Shafi‘i, Criticism, and the Influence of Yahya Bin Ma’in's Accusations on the Weakness of Transmission in Hadith Chains
type: item
description: General Background: Imam Shafi‘i is widely recognized as a leading mujtahid and a major authority in Islamic jurisprudence and hadith scholarship, whose narrations have long been referenced in classical Islamic sciences. Specific Background: Despite this recognition, certain criticisms—most notably attributed to Yahya bin Ma‘in—questioned Imam Shafi‘i’s reliability as a hadith transmitter, particularly regarding sanad assessment within the tradition of jarh wa ta‘dil. Knowledge Gap: These accusations have often been cited without systematic evaluation against broader scholarly consensus and established methodological principles of hadith criticism. Aims: This study aims to reassess Yahya bin Ma‘in’s accusations and examine their standing within jarh wa ta‘dil, focusing on whether they undermine Imam Shafi‘i’s status as a thiqah narrator. Results: Based on qualitative library research and comparative analysis of classical sources, the study finds that the accusations lack substantiated grounds, are contradicted by other authenticated statements from Yahya bin Ma‘in himself, and are outweighed by extensive scholarly endorsement of Imam Shafi‘i’s reliability. Novelty: The article provides a structured clarification that situates isolated criticism within the wider epistemological framework of hadith sciences, emphasizing scholarly consensus and narrator reputation. Implications: These findings reaffirm Imam Shafi‘i’s authority in hadith transmission and offer a methodological reference for addressing contested evaluations of narrators in Islamic scholarship. Highlights: Accusations against Imam Shafi‘i lack methodological consistency when examined through classical hadith principles. Scholarly consensus affirms his status as a trustworthy narrator despite isolated critiques. Omission from certain canonical compilations does not constitute evidence of unreliability. Keywords: Imam Shafi‘I, Hadith Transmission, Jarh wa Ta‘dil, Sanad Criticism, Yahya bin Ma‘in
creator: Mas Hasan Rifqi
creator: Amaliyah Widya Mahanani
creator: Afro’ Anzali Nurizzati Arifah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mas Hasan Rifqi, Amaliyah Widya Mahanani, Afro’ Anzali Nurizzati Arifah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-28
publication date: 2025-12-28
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12996
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12996
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12996

Technology-Based Methods and Resources in Contemporary Language Learning
type: item
description: General Background: The integration of technology has fundamentally transformed language learning paradigms, particularly within ESL, ESP, and L2 contexts. Specific Background: Since the emergence of PLATO systems in the 1960s, technological evolution has progressively incorporated hardware, software, and internet-based solutions into language pedagogy. Knowledge Gap: Despite substantial technological advancement, critical issues persist regarding pedagogically appropriate application, adequate teacher preparation, and strategic tool selection aligned with specific linguistic competencies and learning objectives. Aims: This study examines the historical trajectory of technology in language learning, categorizes technological tools, and evaluates their pedagogical effectiveness across different language skills. Results: Findings reveal that hardware components (auditory and visual tools) and software categories (CAI, CALL, ICALL, WBLL, MALL) demonstrate distinct contributions to listening, speaking, reading, and vocabulary acquisition, with applications such as Duolingo, Babbel, and Rosetta Stone showing progressive development. Novelty: This research synthesizes historical, theoretical, and practical dimensions to analyze the interaction between technological innovation, linguistic theories, teaching standards, and emerging digital learning ecosystems. Implications: Effective technology integration necessitates evidence-based pedagogical approaches, explicit implementation frameworks, and comprehensive teacher training to ensure that digital tools enhance rather than merely supplement traditional language instruction. Highlight : div]:bg-bg-000/50 [&_pre>div]:border-0.5 [&_pre>div]:border-border-400 [&_.ignore-pre-bg>div]:bg-transparent [&_.standard-markdown_:is(p,blockquote,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6)]:pl-2 [&_.standard-markdown_:is(p,blockquote,ul,ol,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6)]:pr-8 [&_.progressive-markdown_:is(p,blockquote,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6)]:pl-2 [&_.progressive-markdown_:is(p,b…
creator: Khamzakulova Shakhnoza Khudayar Kizi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Khamzakulova Shakhnoza Khudayar Kizi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13111
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13111
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13111

Helicobacter pylori Infection: From Pathogenesis to Clinical Management
type: item
description: General Background: Helicobacter pylori represents a gram-negative bacterium colonizing gastric mucosa in approximately half of the global population, recognized as the primary causative agent of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Specific Background: The bacterium employs sophisticated virulence factors including cytotoxin-associated gene A and vacuolating cytotoxin A to establish chronic infection, triggering persistent inflammatory responses that progress through atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and dysplasia toward malignancy. Knowledge Gap: Despite advances in understanding pathogenesis and treatment protocols, escalating antibiotic resistance threatens conventional eradication strategies, necessitating comprehensive evaluation of current diagnostic approaches and therapeutic interventions. Aims: This review systematically examines the microbiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies for H. pylori infection, with particular emphasis on antibiotic resistance patterns. Results: Evidence demonstrates that bismuth-based quadruple therapy achieves 80-90% eradication rates even in clarithromycin-resistant regions, while H. pylori eradication significantly reduces gastric cancer risk when implemented before precancerous lesion development. Novelty: The analysis integrates molecular resistance mechanisms with population-based epidemiological patterns to inform personalized treatment selection. Implications: Sustained multidisciplinary collaboration remains essential for developing novel antibiotics, rapid susceptibility testing, and effective vaccines to reduce global H. pylori disease burden. Keywords : Helicobacter Pylori, Gastric Cancer, Peptic Ulcer Disease, Antibiotic Resistance, Diagnostic Methods Highlight : Bacterium infects approximately 4.4 billion individuals worldwide with varying regional prevalence rates. Clarithro…
creator: Noor Adnan Mahmood
creator: Olfat Raouf Mahmoud
creator: Lubna Arkan Younis
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Noor Adnan Mahmood, Olfat Raouf Mahmoud, Lubna Arkan Younis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-27
publication date: 2025-12-27
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13153
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13153
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13153

Efficiency of Village Regulations in Indonesia
type: item
description: Background: Village regulations constitute a fundamental legal instrument in Indonesia’s regional autonomy framework, positioning villages as the lowest yet autonomous level of governance. Specific background: The enactment of Law Number 6 of 2014 on Villages provides a legal basis for villages to formulate regulations reflecting community aspirations, democratic values, and local wisdom. Knowledge gap: Despite this framework, the efficiency of village regulations remains constrained by regulatory inconsistency, political dynamics, and limited institutional capacity at the village level. Aims: This study examines the efficiency of village regulations through the construction of legal politics based on philosophical, juridical, and sociological foundations. Results: The findings indicate that regulatory alignment across levels of government and village institutional capacity play a central role in shaping regulatory efficiency. Novelty: This research positions village regulation efficiency as a product of legal–political construction rather than administrative compliance. Implications: Strengthening participatory mechanisms and harmonizing legal frameworks are essential to support efficient village governance and sustainable local development in Indonesia. Highlights Village regulations operate within legal and political constraints. Regulatory alignment supports efficient village governance. Institutional capacity shapes regulatory implementation at village level. Keywords Village Regulations, Legal Politics, Regional Autonomy, Local Governance, Participatory Governance
creator: Firda Nur Hizrah
creator: Viona Adira Kosuma
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Firda Nur Hizrah, Viona Adira Kosuma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12971
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12971
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12971

Democratic Deficit in the Governance of the Indonesian Capital City
type: item
description: Background: The relocation of Indonesia’s national capital to East Kalimantan has introduced a distinctive governance arrangement for the administration of the Indonesian Capital City. Specific background: This arrangement is implemented through the Indonesian Capital Authority, a ministerial-level institution directly accountable to the President and operating outside the conventional regional government system. Knowledge gap: Limited legal scholarship has examined how this governance model aligns with good governance principles and democratic constitutional norms. Aims: This study analyzes the governance of the Indonesian Capital City by examining the position and authority of the Indonesian Capital Authority within the framework of good governance. Results: The findings show that the concentration of extensive administrative powers in the absence of a local representative body generates accountability gaps, weak public participation, and limited checks and balances. Novelty: This research conceptualizes the democratic deficit in the governance of the Indonesian Capital City through an administrative law and constitutional perspective. Implications: The study highlights the need for regulatory restructuring and oversight mechanisms to ensure transparent, accountable, and democratically grounded governance. Highlights The governance of the Indonesian Capital City is characterized by centralized authority. The absence of local representative institutions reflects a democratic deficit. Good governance principles are not fully reflected in the current governance structure. Keywords Indonesian Capital Authority, Good Governance, Democratic Deficit, Capital City Governance, Constitutional Administration
creator: Rena Puspita Dewi Purba
creator: Mayang Rabbani
creator: Firli Novansyah Putra
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Rena Puspita Dewi Purba, Mayang Rabbani, Firli Novansyah Putra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-20
publication date: 2025-12-20
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12986
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12986
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12986

Political Dynasties Undermine Democratic Governance and Constitutional Integrity in Indonesia
type: item
description: Political dynasties represent a systemic challenge to Indonesia’s constitutional democracy by consolidating hereditary power that contradicts the principles of meritocracy, equal political access, and institutional accountability. This research aims to analyze how political dynasties distort democratic governance and weaken constitutional mechanisms that safeguard state integrity. Using a library research method supported by systematic content analysis of academic literature, legal sources, and policy documents, the study finds that dynastic politics institutionalize oligarchic power structures, suppress competitive leadership regeneration, and increase risks of corruption, collusion, and nepotism. The findings demonstrate that dynastic networks interfere with the separation of powers, politicize public resource allocation, bias representative functions toward familial interests, and reduce institutional autonomy within the constitutional framework. Although dynasties may provide policy continuity in certain contexts, these advantages are conditional and outweighed by structural threats to legal integrity and public trust. The novelty of this study lies in extending the discussion from electoral and regional governance to the broader constitutional domain, characterizing dynastic politics as a constitutional disruption rather than merely a political phenomenon. The implications suggest the need for transparent political recruitment, regulatory restrictions on hereditary candidacy, enhanced oversight mechanisms, and civic education to reinforce democratic resilience. These measures are essential to prevent the normalization of hereditary power and to protect constitutional democracy in Indonesia from long-term institutional degradation. Highlights • Political dynasties weaken constitutional accountability and democratic governance • Hereditary power restricts leadership succession and public institutional autonomy • Oligarchic networks increase corruption risks and d…
creator: Aulia Putri Insani
creator: Aldlyan Meilani
creator: Nurul Iman
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Aulia Putri Insani, Aldlyan Meilani, Nurul Iman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-25
publication date: 2025-12-25
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13009
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13009
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13009

Transitional Legal Protection through Physical Possession and Civil Remedies for Unregistered Girik Land in Indonesia
type: item
description: General Background Land remains a fundamental economic and social asset, and legal certainty in land administration is central to rights protection. Specific Background Girik is still widely used in Jakarta, Banten, and West Java as evidence of historical control over former customary land, yet its legal position has weakened after Government Regulation No. 18 of 2021 on land registration, with a recognition deadline of 2 February 2026. Knowledge Gap The available transitional legal safeguards and practical obstacles for girik holders whose parcels remain outside the national land administration system require clearer articulation. Aims This study examines the forms and mechanisms of legal protection for unregistered girik holders and identifies the main barriers they face. Results Using a normative juridical approach, the study finds that safeguards remain available through recognition of physical control, access to civil litigation provided no good-faith protected certificate exists, and the state obligation to systematically organize land registration; however, low public awareness, BPHTB cost burdens, limited historical documentation, and institutional capacity constraints hinder optimal legal certainty. Novelty The study consolidates a transitional protection framework that links physical possession recognition and civil remedies to the post-deadline evidentiary shift under PP 18/2021. Implications The study recommends accelerating PTSL, subsidizing registration fees, harmonizing BPHTB regulations, and digitizing legacy evidence to support an inclusive transition to formal land titles. Highlights: Historical tax-based documentation becomes limited to evidence of physical control after 2 February 2026. Civil claims remain available unless a good-faith certificate is legally protected. PTSL acceleration, fee subsidies, BPHTB harmonization, and legacy-evidence digitization are proposed to advance legal certainty. Keywords: Girik Land, Legal Protection, Legal Certa…
creator: Octavia Alida Mochtar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Octavia Alida Mochtar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13059
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13059
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13059

Green Marketing, Greenwashing, and Premium Pricing Effects on Agrochemical Sales Performance
type: item
description: General Background: The agrochemical industry faces growing public scrutiny as sustainability concerns and environmental risks of synthetic chemicals intensify, prompting firms to integrate sustainability-oriented strategies into their business models. Specific Background: In Indonesia, agrochemical companies increasingly rely on green marketing communication, sustainability claims, and premium pricing to position green chemical products amid regulatory pressure and rising environmental awareness. Knowledge Gap: Empirical evidence remains limited regarding how green marketing, greenwashing practices, and premium pricing are simultaneously associated with sales performance in the agrochemical sector, particularly from the perspective of marketing practitioners. Aims: This study examines the relationships between green marketing strategies, greenwashing practices, and premium pricing with the sales performance of green chemical products, while assessing the moderating role of premium pricing. Results: Quantitative analysis using regression and moderated regression analysis indicates that green marketing, greenwashing, and premium pricing are each positively and significantly associated with sales performance, whereas premium pricing does not significantly moderate the relationships between green marketing or greenwashing and sales performance. Novelty: The study demonstrates that, within the Indonesian agrochemical context, greenwashing practices can be associated with short-term sales performance alongside green marketing and premium pricing. Implications: The findings suggest that agrochemical firms should prioritize credible and transparent sustainability communication and apply value-based pricing, as sales performance is driven by direct strategic signals rather than interaction effects among sustainability marketing and pricing strategies. Highlights: Sustainability-oriented communication shows a positive association with product sales outcomes. Short-term marke…
creator: Andreas Marcellius Stevenson
creator: Teofilus Teofilus
creator: Lexi Pranata Budidharmanto
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Andreas Marcellius Stevenson, Teofilus Teofilus, Lexi Pranata Budidharmanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13093
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13093
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13093

Islamic Religious Teachers Shape Moral Formation in Elementary Learners
type: item
description: General Background: Islamic education in Indonesia is positioned as a fundamental aspect of national schooling, emphasizing moral formation aligned with the goals of the 2003 National Education System Law and Islamic values in daily life. Specific Background: SDIT Mukhlisiin Gowa applies an integrated Islamic learning system where Islamic Religious Education and Character teachers are assigned to cultivate students’ behavior through habituation, guidance, and supervision. Knowledge Gap: However, field observations show inconsistencies between the school’s Islamic vision and students’ actual behavior, including limited discipline in worship routines, weak responsibility, and emerging negative attitudes influenced by external environments. Aims: This study investigates the role of Islamic Religious Education and Character teachers in shaping the moral conduct of fifth-grade students and identifies supporting and inhibiting factors. Results: The findings reveal that teachers serve as moral exemplars, mentors, motivators, and supervisors through practices such as daily worship habituation, persuasive guidance, religious reinforcement, communication with parents, and creative pedagogical strategies. Internal support includes teacher role-modeling and an Islamic school environment, while external challenges arise from digital exposure, peer environments, and inconsistent family support. Novelty: This study highlights the integrative function of teacher-led moral cultivation as both instructional and cultural practice in an Islamic elementary context, where spiritual, behavioral, and social guidance operate simultaneously. Implications: The outcomes encourage strengthening religious program policies at school level, enhancing instructional creativity for teachers, reinforcing parental collaboration, and motivating students to participate actively in moral formation, contributing to sustainable Islamic character development in basic education. Highlights: • Teachers functio…
creator: Rosfiah Urbani
creator: Saprin Saprin
creator: Muhammad Rusmin B.
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Rosfiah Urbani, Saprin Saprin , Muhammad Rusmin B. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12977
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12977
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12977

Purse Seine Fleet Optimization with E-Logbook Data in GoronPost-Election Communication Drives Reconciliation in Tallung Ura Villagetalo Fisheries
type: item
description: General Background: Local elections in Indonesia frequently trigger polarization, damaged social relations, and prolonged distrust within communities. Specific Background: In Tallung Ura Village, Enrekang Regency, the 2024 election created social fragmentation, emotional tension, and disrupted daily interactions among residents. Knowledge Gap: Limited research addresses reconciliation models that apply communication strategies integrating religious values and local cultural wisdom in rural settings. Aims: This study analyzes the roles of communicators, communication mechanisms, and strategies that support post-election reconciliation. Using a qualitative case study, data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation with religious leaders, village authorities, and community actors. Results: Reveal that local communicators acted as mediators delivering persuasive, empathetic messages; open dialogue and personal mediation reduced tensions; and strategies grounded in Islamic teachings and cultural values such as sipakatau, sipakalebbi, and sipakainge rebuilt trust and social cohesion. Novelty: Lies in presenting a reconciliatory communication model based on spiritual guidance, cultural identity, and participatory mechanisms unique to Tallung Ura and rarely examined in political reconciliation literature. Implications: Indicate that strengthening mediator capacity and establishing communication forums may provide a transferable framework for restoring grassroots harmony and preventing recurring conflict in similar post-election contexts. Highlights • Mediators used persuasive and empathetic communication to reduce tensions. • Religious principles and cultural values supported sustainable reconciliation. • Structured dialogue forums restored trust and rebuilt social cohesion. Keywords Post-Election Communication; Reconciliation Strategy; Local Mediators; Cultural Values; Social Cohesion
creator: Mutia Husnah
creator: Haidir Fitra Siagian
creator: Anggriani Alamsyah
creator: Arifuddin Arifuddin
creator: Kamaluddin Tajibu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mutia Husnah, Haidir Fitra Siagian, Anggriani Alamsyah, Arifuddin Arifuddin, Kamaluddin Tajibu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
volume: 11
number: 1
starting page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13044
ending page: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13044
doi: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13044